Whether from land, sea or air, bombardment is a legitimate method of warfare, subject to the general principle that the right of the parties to choose methods of warfare is not unlimited. In accordance with that principle, it is prohibited to employ methods of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering or destruction. Bombardment is, however, subject to prohibitions and limitations with respect to medical units, cultural property, non-defended localities and demilitarized zones. Bombardment of the civilian population as such is prohibited, as are indiscriminate bombardments and those whose primary purpose is to spread terror. Precautions in bombardments and against their effects are prescribed.
See also Naval warfare; Aerial warfare; Terror (spreading of); Indiscriminate attacks; Weapons; Conduct of hostilities;
OUTLINE
From air :
From sea :
LEGAL SOURCE
From air:
From sea:
DOCUMENTS
HPCR, Manual on International Law Applicable to Air and Missile Warfare
San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflicts at Sea
CASES
Iran/Iraq, UN Security Council Assessing Violations of International Humanitarian Law
United States/United Kingdom, Conduct of the 2003 War in Iraq
Israel/Gaza, Operation Cast Lead
Israel/Lebanon/Hezbollah Conflict in 2006
Eritrea/Ethiopia, Awards on Military Objectives
Georgia/Russia, Human Rights Watch’s Report on the Conflict in South Ossetia
Georgia/Russia, Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Conflict in South Ossetia
Israel, Taking Shelter in Ancient Ruins
ECHR, Bankovic and Others v. Belgium and 16 Other States
UN, Report of the Secretary-General for the World Humanitarian Summit
Syria, Press conference with French President Francois Hollande and Russian President Vladimir Putin
Yemen, Potential Existence and Effects of Naval Blockade
Sri Lanka, Naval War against Tamil Tigers
Syria, Report by UN Commission of Inquiry (March 2017)
ICRC, Statement - War in Cities ; What is at Stake?
United Kingodm, Arms Trade With Saudi Arabia
Syria: Attacks on Oil Infrastructure
Somalia/US, Airstrikes in Somalia
The Netherlands, Fighting in the Chora District (Afghanistan)